Photo credit: Photo WVC 1998-12 Fraternisation 10 copy
Bois de la Fraternisation – Arbolle – Burkina Faso
Remarkable reforestation in Burkina Faso
by Willem Van Cotthem (Ghent University – Belgium)
In 1988, I was invited by the Dutch Committee Maastricht-Niou to carry out a reforestation project with my team of the University of Ghent (Belgium) in the village of Niou (Kourweogo Province, Burkina Faso). I will describe the success of that project later. Today, attention is paid to a similar reforestation project, set up in 1988 together with the Canadian Cooperation in Arbolle (Passoré Province, Burkina Faso).
It was decided to plant seedlings of a number of tree species with different dosages of TerraCottem soil conditioner (TC) on a clayey soil, completely barren in 1988 due to heavy deforestation by the local villagers during the preceeding years.
Hard clayey field completely denuded, due to firewood collection
First, plant pits were created and the excavated soil was mixed with different dosages of TC to study the optimal dosage under these local conditions. Some plant pits functioned as control plots (no TC was added to the local soil).
1988-07 Participation of local people in plant pit preparation
At the start of the project in July 1988, the young saplings were 40-50 cm high on average. Thanks to some good rains during the rainy season (June-October), the hydrogels of the TC soil conditioner could stock a large quantity of water and they delivered this water gradually to the growing young trees during the 8 months long dry season. Thereby, the saplings continued their growth without any need for irrigation.
In December 1988, six months after planting, the growth of the individual trees was measured to compare growth differences due to a difference in TC-dosage.
1988-12 Measuring growth of individual trees
Very soon, it became quite clear that TC had an interesting positive effect on tree growth. A dosage of 100 g of TC per plant pit showed to be close to optimal in these conditions. Due to our activities on the field, the soil was scarified by trampling and seeds of grasses and other weeds germinated and developed into a sparse vegetation cover.
1988-12 Young trees already show differences in outgrowth
Acacia nilotica saplings developed remarkably well, in particular with the optimal dosage of 100 g TC per plant pit.
Acacia nilotica saplings continued to grow in the dry season without any irrigation
In April 1989, we returned to the project to carry out new measurements. What a splendid view it was ! Almost all trees, except the control ones (without TC in the soil), were still brightly green with developing young leaves, a very exceptional situation during the dry season. Some saplings had disappeared, not because of the drought, but destroyed by locusts and termites.
1989-04 Green saplings in the dry season
In July 1990, two years after the start of the project, the original barren field was already transformed into a green area. Young trees were developing, accordingly to the dosage of TC in the plant pit. Another interesting aspect was the development of different species of weeds around the individual trees. Indeed, seeds of these weeds were blown in by the wind and those falling on the plant pit surface found relatively humid conditions in which they could germinate and grow (see green disks around the trees).
1990-07 Two years after plantation, the young trees were developing splendidly without any supplementary irrigation or fertilization
Some of the Acacia nilotica trees already had exceptional dimensions. It was almost unbelievable that these trees had grown to a height of more than 2 meters without any additional treatment. The only thing we did, was to plant the seedlings in July 1988 with a certain dosage of TC and let the rain make the TC functioning as a reservoir of water and nutrients. Such a growth was never seen before in these circumstances.
1990-07 I was so happy seeing these fantastic two years old trees
The general aspect of the plantation was changing gradually. Not only the young trees were continuously growing all year long, but the originally barren soil became slowly covered with grasses and other weeds. This “nature restoration” was an important secondary effect of the soil conditioning with TC.
1990-07 Quickly changing general outlook of the plantation
In July 1994, six years after the start of the project, a splendid young wood was formed. Tree canopies were closing and the vegetation cover on the surface was also closing more and more. Of course, the flowering plants started to attract numerous animal species : insects, birds, mice, squirrels etc. Biodiversity enhanced significantly.
1994-07 Splendid young wood in 6 years time
In 1998, 10 years after plantation, nothing can be seen anymore of the original barren area : a remarkable success was booked with this reforestation project. Trees were already several meters high and the vegetation on the surface became very dense.
1998-12 Remarkable success of the reforestation project
It is nice to know that since 1998 the same successes were booked with TC-reforestation projects in many other countries.
Originally published at:
https://desertification.wordpress.com/2006/11/19/remarkable-reforestation-in-burkina-faso/
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